Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 5

年份

2021 1

2018 1

2015 2

2012 1

关键词

个性化机器人 1

习惯学习 1

行为足迹 1

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

Analyzing the distinguishing factors that affect childhood obesity in South Korea

So Jung Yang, Hun-Sung Kim, Kun-Ho Yoon

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第6期页码 707-716 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0660-x

摘要：

Understanding obesity in children is crucial because it can lead to adulthood obesity and result in fatal chronic diseases. Distinctive factors associated with obesity in adults have been described, but distinctive factors related to children remain unclear. We analyzed the correlation between the percentage of body mass index and lifestyle habits by conducting surveys on physical, nutritional, and psychological factors, and we used annual physical examination data to compare different traits among elementary school students (n = 197) and middle school students (n = 461). Our study revealed that the computing hours in elementary school students with overweight and obesity were significantly correlated with the percentage of body mass index (r = 0.29 on school days and r = 0.35 on days off, all P<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found (all P>0.05) in the computing hours of middle school students with overweight and obesity. Childhood obesity can cause depression and reduce children’s quality of life because of their distorted body perception. In conclusion, physical factors directly affecting childhood obesity and psychological and environmental factors surrounding a child should be considered.

关键词： screen time quality of life eating habits childhood obesity percentage of body mass index

HTML PDF 收藏

Various brain-eating amoebae: the protozoa, the pathogenesis, and the disease

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期页码 842-866 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0865-2

摘要： Among various genera of free-living amoebae prevalent in nature, some members are identified as causative agents of human encephalitis, in which Naegleria fowleri followed by Acanthamoeba spp. and Balamuthia mandrillaris have been successively discovered. As the three dominant genera responsible for infections, Acanthamoeba and Balamuthia work as opportunistic pathogens of granulomatous amoebic encephalitis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals, whereas Naegleria induces primary amoebic meningoencephalitis mostly in healthy children and young adults as a more violent and deadly disease. Due to the lack of typical symptoms and laboratory findings, all these amoebic encephalitic diseases are difficult to diagnose. Considering that subsequent therapies are also affected, all these brain infections cause significant mortality worldwide, with more than 90% of the cases being fatal. Along with global warming and population explosion, expanding areas of human and amoebae activity in some regions lead to increased contact, resulting in more serious infections and drawing increased public attention. In this review, we summarize the present information of these pathogenic free-living amoebae, including their phylogeny, classification, biology, and ecology. The mechanisms of pathogenesis, immunology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, epidemiology, diagnosis, and therapies are also discussed.

关键词： free-living amoebae central nervous system infection primary amoebic meningoencephalitis granulomatous amoebic encephalitis

HTML PDF 收藏

Foxtail millet: nutritional and eating quality, and prospects for genetic improvement

Lu HE,Bin ZHANG,Xingchun WANG,Hongying LI,Yuanhuai HAN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第2期页码 124-133 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015054

摘要： Foxtail millet is a minor yet important crop in some areas of the world, particularly northern China. It has strong adaptability to abiotic stresses, especially drought, and poor soil. It also has high nutritional value. Foxtail millet is rich in essential amino acids, fatty acids and minerals, and is considered to be one of the most digestible and non-allergenic grains available and has significant importance for human health. Given foxtail millet’s ability to adapt to abiotic stresses associated with climate change, it is more important than ever to develop breeding strategies that facilitate the increasing demand for high quality grain that better satisfies consumers. Here we review research on foxtail millet quality evaluation, appearance, cooking and eating quality at the phenotypic level. We review analysis of the main nutrients in foxtail millet, their relationships and the biochemical and genetic factors affecting their accumulation. In addition, we review past progress in breeding this regionally important crop, outline current status of breeding of foxtail millet, and make suggestions to improve grain quality.

关键词： foxtail millet grain quality quality evaluation breeding for quality

HTML PDF 收藏

Joint association of physical activity/screen time and diet on CVD risk factors in 10-year-old children

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第4期页码 428-435 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0232-4

摘要：

The increasing prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). While several studies examined the effect of single behaviors such as physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior or diet on CVD risk, there is a lack of research on combined associations, specifically in children. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the joint association of PA or screen time (ST) and diet on CVD risk factors in children. PA, ST and diet were assessed via questionnaire in 210 fifth grade students (age: 10.6±0.4 years). The healthy eating index (HEI) was subsequently calculated as indicator for diet quality. Height, weight, % body fat, and resting blood pressure were measured according to standard procedures and blood samples obtained via fingerprick were assayed for blood lipids. Total cholesterol HDL ratio (TC:HDL), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and % body fat were used as indicators of CVD risk. 55% of children did not meet current PA recommendations on at least 5 days/week and 70% exceeded current recommendations for ST. Further, only 2.5% possessed a “good” diet (HEI>80). There was no significant association of PA or ST and diet on CVD risk score. Neither TC:HDL, MAP, and % body fat nor the total CVD risk score was significantly correlated with diet, PA, or ST. Children in the high PA group, however, had significantly better diet scores. Despite the fact that self-reported PA, ST, or dietary intake were not directly related to CVD risk in this sample, higher activity levels were associated with a healthier diet and lower ST indicating an overall healthier lifestyle of this subgroup.

关键词： exercise sedentary behavior metabolic syndrome health behavior adolescents TV time healthy eating index

HTML PDF 收藏

通过行为足迹学习人类习惯的个性化服务机器人 Article

李坤, Max Q.-H. Meng

《工程（英文）》 2015年第1卷第1期页码 79-84 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015024

摘要：

对家用的私人机器人来说，个性化服务和预先设计的任务同样重要，因为机器人需要根据操作者的习惯调整住宅状况。为了学习由诱因、行为和回报构成的操作者习惯，本文介绍了行为足迹，以描述操作者在家中的行为，并运用逆向增强学习技巧提取用回报函数代表的操作者习惯。本文用一个移动机器人调节室内温度，来实施这个方法，并把该方法和记录操作者所有诱因和行为的基准办法相比较。结果显示，提出的方法可以使机器人准确揭示操作者习惯，并相应地调节环境状况。

关键词：个性化机器人习惯学习行为足迹